The Past Perfect Continuous Tense

8. The Past Perfect Continuous Tense

          Seperti halnya Past Perfect yang merupakan lampau dari Present Perfect, begitu juga The Past Perfect Continuous Tense yang merupakan lampau dari The Present Perfect Continuous Tense. 

        Kejadian dalam kalimat tense ini untuk menyatakan sudah berapa lama prosesnya sedang berlangsung di waktu lampau sebelum kejadian lain terjadi.            

         Formasi kalimatnya tersusun dari kata kerja bantu (kkb.) had + been dan kata kerja pertama dengan ing. Bentuk negatifnya (-) dengan menambahkan kata not setelah had (had not = hadn’t), sedangkan introgatifnya (?) had berada di depan subyek (S).
 

Pola Kalimat:

(+) S +had + been +V1 + ing + O/Adv. 
(-)  S + had + not + been + V1 + ing + O/Adv. 
(?) Had + S + been + V1 + ing + O/Adv. 


Fungsi dan Contoh:  

i. The Past Perfect Continuous Tense menyatakan bahwa suatu peristiwa sudah dimulai pada saat diceritakan di waktu lampau dan masih berlanjut atau sudah berhenti pada saat dibicarakan tersebut.
 

• It was now six and he was tired because he had been working since down.
• They had been sawing; that was why they were in dust.
• The football match had been stopped. They had been play for half an when there was a terrible storm.
• The two boys came into the house. One had a black eye and the other had a cut lip. They had been fighting.
• Tom was leaning against the wall, out of breath. He had been running.
• I had been washing the car before he rang me up.
• She had been doing the exercise before you got there.
• Had he been having breakfast before I came?
• Ken had been smoking for 30 years when he finally gave it up.
• It was very tired when I arrived home. I’d been working hard all day.

ii. menyatakan bahwa suatu peristiwa sudah berlangsung pada saat peristiwa lain berlangsung juga pada waktu lampau.
 

• They had been working for about an hour when it began to rain.
• When we entered the class, Mr. Tan had been teaching English for about two minutes.
• She had been washing the car before he rang me up.
• I had been painting the door when he came in.
• The owners of Eldrige Photographic Supply Company had been doing business in the same location for several years when they decided to move.
• Had you been waiting for a long time when they arrived?

iii. menggantikan The Present Perfect Continuous Tense dalam perubahan kalimat langsung menjadi kalimat tidak langsung.

• The lecture said, “I have been studying the problem.“ The lecture said that he had been studying the problem for years.

EXERCISES  

I. Choose A, B, C, D, or E as the best answer by crossing (X) it. (Pililah A,    B, C, D, atau E jawaban yang paling benar dengan memberi tanda silang.)    

1.  My wife … been teaching at that school before she decided to move to the company.         
A. is       B. was     C. has     D. had      E. will    

2. The writer had been … to the response when a letter came.         
A. forwarding   C. looked forward             E. looking forward         
B. looking         D. looking forwarding     

3.    We … watching television when a guest knocked on the door.         
A. hadn’t been   B. been hadn’t  C. aren’t   D. hadn’t  E. been not     

4. … Ardy … playing badminton in the competition for ten minutes when we saw?         
A. Had-been   B. Had-been   C. Will-be  D. Are-and Alan  E. Been-had     

5. The Gomez family … about moving for several months.         
A. thingking               C. had been thingking    E. thinks         
B. been thinking        D. have thought     

6. Otis … carefully when he had the accident.         
A. hadn’t  been driving      C. hadn’t been     E. driving         
B. drives                             D. driving very     

7. We … several possibilities before we made the decision.         
A. had been         C. been considering     E. had been considering         
B. hadn’t been     D. had considering       

8. Before I finished my work, I … .         
A. had been telephoning my colleague                           
B. been telephoning my colleague                                  
C. had telephoning my colleague          
D. was been telephoning my colleague         
E. been had telephoning my colleague         

9. They … when you arrived.         
A. had practicing a special song                       
B. been practicing a special song                     
C. had been practicing a special song          
D. have been practicing a special song          
E. are practicing a special song     

10. They hadn’t been … when you called.           
A. listen to music         C. been listening to music    E. music to listen           
B. listened to music     D. listened to music         

11. My brother was a singer. He was going to participate in a contest, so she … hard.           
A. practises           C. was practising             E. had been practising           
B. is practising      D. has been practising     

12. Mr. Koman was an English teacher. He … here since 1982.           
A. teaches               C. taught                       E. had been teaching           
B. was teaching      D. has been taching     

13. Before he died, he … from typhoid fever for two months.           
A. has suffered                 C. had been suffering   E. is suffering           
B. had been suffered       D. suffered       

14. The gardener … the grass for one hour when I asked him to help me open the gate.           
A. had feeding              C. had been mowing    E. had to been mowing           
B. had been feeding     D. had mowing     

15. He went to America two days ago. He … his business affairs before he went there.           
A. had been arranging   C. been arranging     E. had been to painting           
B. had been painting      D. been painting     

16. The negative form of the Past Perfect Continuous Tense is … .           
A. Not is had been raining when I looked out or the window           
B. When I looked out of the window, it had been not raining           
C. It not had been raining when I looked out of the window           
D. When I looked out of the window, it hadn’t been raining           
E. It had been raining not when I looked out of the window     

17. Had he been expecting the letter from the company when she met him?           
A. No, he had.                      C. Yes, he hadn’t            E. Yes, he had           
B. No, he had been not.      D. Yes, he had been     

18. The correct interrogative form of ‘Ken had been smoking for 30 years when he finally gave it up is …           
A. Did Ken had been smoking for 30 years when he finally gave it up?           
B. Been had Ken smoking for 30 years when he finally gave it up?           
C. Been Ken had smoking for 30 years when he finally gave it up?           
D. Ken had been smoking for 30 years when he finally gave it up?           
E. Had Ken been smoking for 30 years when he finally gave it up?     

19. I had been washing the car before he rang me up.           
A. What had you been washing before he rang me up?           
B. Who had been washing the car before he rang me up?           
C. When had he been washing the car before he rang me up?           
D. Where had been washing the car before he rang me up?           
E. Why had he been washing the car before he rang me up?     

20. “Indra has been eating for an hour,“ she said. She said that Indra … for an hour.           
A. has been eating          C. was eating                   E. eats           
B. is eating                       D. had been eating  


II. Put the verbs between brackets into The Past Perfect Continuous Tense. (Masukkan kata kerja di antara kurung ke dalam kalimat The Past Perfect Continuous Tense.)

    Example:     
She ( read ) the novel for a quarter of an hour before I came home. She had been reading the novel for a quarter of an hour before I came home.     

1. The police ( look ) for the criminal for two years before they caught him.         

………………………………………….     

2. The patient ( wait ) in the emergency room for almost two hours before a doctor finally treated her.         

………………………………………….     

3. He finally came at nine o’clock. I (wait) for him since seven o’clock.         

………………………………………….     

4. Her skin was sunburned because she (lie) on the beach all day long.         

………………………………………….     

5. All came at last. We (look) forward to his arrival because we wanted to start the match.         

………………………………………….      

6. The robbers were finally caught because the police ( chase ) them night and day.         

………………………………………….     

7. The boys ( swim ) for twenty minutes before it began to rain.         

………………………………………….     

8. Before he was sent abroad, he ( study ) English since he was twelve.         

………………………………………….     

9. I told him that he ( behave ) very rudely.         

………………………………………….     

10. He asked me why I ( live ) in the country.           

 ………………………………………….     


III. In this exercise you have to read a situation and then write a sentence. (Pada latihan ini Anda harus membaca situasinya, kemudian tulislah kalimat.)     

Example:     

When I arrived, everyone was sitting round the table and talking. Their mouths were empty but their stomachs were full. ( they / eat )     
They had been eating.     

1. Tom was watching television. He was feeling very tired. (he/ study/ hard all day)         ………………………………………….     

2. When I walked into the room, it was empty. But there was a smell of a cigarette. (somebody / smoke / in the room )         
………………………………………….     

3. When Mary came back from the beach, she looked very red from the sun. (she / lie / in the sun too long)         ………………………………………….     

4. The two boys came into the house. They had a football and they were both very tired. (they / play football)         
………………………………………….     

5. Ann woke up in the middle of the night. She was frightened and she didn’t know where she was. (she / dream)         
…………………………………………. 
            

This is the end of The Past Perfect Continuous Tense tutorial. Good luck.