Some Parts Of A Sentence

Some Parts Of A Sentence (Beberapa Bagian Sebuah Kalimat)  

1. Subject ( Pokok Kalimat)

I	:	Kata ganti orang pertama tunggal
		My name is Evi. I am a girl.
You	:	Kata ganti orang kedua tunggal/jamak
		Your name is Brandon. You are a boy. (tunggal)   Your names are Titi and Lani.     You are students. (jamak)
We	:	Kata ganti orang pertama jamak
		Nur, Nisa, Lola and I are girls. We like English.
They	:	Kata ganti orang ketiga benda atau hewan jamak.
		Dodi and Dodo are here. They are studying English.     The books are mine. They are all over the floor.
He	:	Kata ganti orang ketiga tunggal laki-laki
		Fajar has a book. He always reads it.
She	:	Kata ganti orang ketiga tunggal perempuan.
		Pipit will buy an English dictionary. She wants to learn English.
It	:	Kata ganti benda/hewan
		My cat is black. It is in the cage. This is a spoon. It is dirty.

2. Verb (kata kerja) 

                         Infinitive: Kata kerja dasar                                      (dance, do)

I often dance Kecak with my friends at the studio. 
The students do their homework seriously.


                         To Infinitive: Kata kerja dasar dengan to                  (to dance, to do)

Ika wanted to do the job at home last night.


                         V1            : dance/do
                         V1 (S)      : dances
                         V1 (es)    : does V
V                     V2            : danced (regular verb/v.r)
                         V2            : did (irregular verb/v.i)
                         V3            : danced (v.r)
                         V3            : done (v.i)  

Catatan:  

Regular verb (Kata kerja beraturan)       
Irregular verb (Kata kerja tak beraturan)  

Contoh bentuk kata-kata kerja di atas di dalam kalimat dapat Anda simak pada penjelasan setiap tenses. 


 3. Object (obyek)     

Obyek kalimat dapat berasal dari kata-kata berikut, di antaranya adalah: 

a. Personal pronoun: me, you, us, them, him, her, it.      
You hate me.     
Don’t blame us for what you have done.     
I have a car, take it if you want to. 

b. Names of things: table, chair, chalk, soup, book, etc.        
Wiwik bought a table for her family two days ago.     
They didn’t have soup for dinner last night. 

c. Names of persons: John, Jane, John and Jane, the Johns, etc.          
We need John to solve these problems.     
Can you pick the Johns up? 

d. Names of animals: cat, buffalo, cow, cat and cow, etc.           
I have a cat and cow at home. 

e. Names of tress: coconut tree, papaya tree, coconut and mango trees, etc.        
The farmers plant coconut trees to strengthen dikes in rice fields. 

f. Names of places: Jakarta, Bandung, California, Indonesia, USA, Ciliwung, Mississippi, etc.     
Factory has polluted Ciliwung river.   


4. Adverb (kata keterangan)   

          Di dalam Bahasa Inggris ada 8 jenis kata keterangan (adverb), yaitu: adverb of manner, adverb of place, adverb of certainty, adverb of degree, adverb of time, adverb of frequency, interrogative, dan relative. Di sini penulis membatasi pembahasan hanya pada adverb of time dan adverb of frequency.

            Adverb of time (kata keterangan waktu): every, today, now, at this moment, by now, yesterday, this, last, ago, since, for.             
Every week we go to swim in the swimming pool. 
People are reading this book now. 
Did you realize what you did to me yesterday?

            Adverb of Frequency (tingkat keseringan)
     - berkonotasi positif: always, usually, often, sometimes 
       - berkonotasi negatif: never, hardly ever, rarely, seldom                 

Students should always obey their parents.     
Mr. Awaludin often helps his colleagues, doesn’t he?     
I have never gone to America.     
You hardly ever say hello to him, do you?