You

d i s s c u s i o n
For speaking practice, find the text below. Dicuss it with your partner (partners) what the writer means with his writing. If necessary, have a look at the translation given to make you easier to do it. Good luck and enjoy it.

You
(Written by D. A. Satriadi on June 20, 3013 23:00)

You are my sweet lady
Born to share happiness with me
Since we first met
And you finally took me as your lover

Kau gadis manisku - Terlahir bawa kebahagiaan untukku - Sejak saat pertama ku bertemu - Kau terima aku jadi kekasihmu

Surely I know the sun turns to shine red
All bees roars crazily
The moon's hard to light
And poets will never word their own poetic sayings

Aku yakin kini matahari bersinar garang - Kumbang-kumbang menderu bising - Rembulan malas bersinar - Para pujangga tak 'kan mampu berkata-kata puitis lagi

Your integrity is a sincere love
Your beauty becomes everybody's hungering
Your elegance is the only craving
Your fine looking has been the only idea in my life

Ketulusanmu gita yang sempurna - Keindahanmu adalah dambaan - Keanggunanmu merupakan idaman - Kecantikanmu menjadi cita-cita

Knowing that you are mine
Steal the sun for your days
Pull the moon down for your nights
Capture the bees to be your slaves
Conquer the poets to vanish your solace


Kini kau telah bersamaku - 'Kan kucuri matahari untuk siangmu - 'Kan kurenggut rembulan untuk malammu - 'Kan kutawan kumbang-kumbang untuk budakmu - 'Kan taklukkan para pujangga untuk pelipurmu

I would make a vessel for us sailing the ocean
I would create stairs climbing up the highest mountain
You and I will go together thru that happy land
We'll reach the top of our beautiful romance


Kubuat biduk kita arungi samudera terluas - Kucipta tangga kita daki gunung tertinggi - Kau dan aku bersama menuju nusa bahagia - Kita bersama mencapai puncak asmara

Your integrity is a sincere love
Your beauty becomes everybody's hungering
Your elegance is the only craving
Your fine looking has been the only idea in my life

Ketulusanmu gita yang sempurna - Keindahanmu adalah dambaan - Keanggunanmu merupakan idaman - Kecantikanmu menjadi cita-cita

It's you the true lover to the everlasting life
I won't give my heart against tens of seducing belle
I will never want thousands empress standing beside me
I am not willing millions of angels taking your place


Kaulah pendamping menuju keabadian hidupku kelak - 'Ku tak 'kan mau berpuluh primadona menawanku - 'Ku tak sudi beribu permaisuri mendampingiku - 'Ku tak 'kan rela berjuta  bidadari menggantikan dirimu

Your integrity is a sincere love
Your beauty becomes everybody's hungering
Your elegance is the only craving
Your fine looking has been the only idea in my life

Ketulusanmu gita yang sempurna - Keindahanmu adalah dambaan - Keanggunanmu merupakan idaman - Kecantikanmu menjadi cita-cita

Only you that I want
You're the only one and no one else inside
You're for me today, tomorrow and later
Only you are for me forever and ever 

Aku hanya inginkan kau - Kaulah satu tiada yang lain - Kau untuku saat ini, esok dan nanti - Hanya kau untukku selamanya

Your integrity is a sincere love
Your beauty becomes everybody's hungering
Your elegance is the only craving
Your fine looking has been the only idea in my life
You're for me today, tomorrow and later
Only you are for me forever and ever
You're for me today, tomorrow and later
Forever....

Ketulusanmu gita yang sempurna - Keindahanmu adalah dambaan - Keanggunanmu merupakan idaman - Kecantikanmu menjadi cita-cita - Kau untuku saat ini, esok dan nanti - Hanya kau untukku selamanya - Kau untuku saat ini, esok dan nanti - Hanya kau untukku selamanya - Selamanya....

@Copyright belongs to on Allah SWT. You may copy, reproduce, distribute, publish, display, perform, modify, create derivative works, transmit, or in any way exploit any content on this text, or distribute any part of this content over any network, including a local area network, sell or offer it for sale, or use such content to construct any kind of database, after saying Basmallah, 2 (two) Shahada (“I bear witness that (there is) no God except Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah.”), and Shalawat to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in veracity.

@Hak cipta ada pada Allah SWT. Silakan meng-copy sedikit, banyak, sebagian atau seluruh teks di atas, setelah mengucapkan Basmallah, 2 kalimat Syahadat dan Sha'lawat Nabi dengan bersungguh-sungguh.

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Learning by Singing

Learning by Singing

So many people such as language experts have already told us that learning language, namely English, can be reached with many ways. One of them is singing. Yeah, singing is an amazing way to dramatically improve your language learning strategy. No matter how bad your voice is, just sing it. Our prime goal is practice, right? To prove to you that is true, here are some karaoke song videos taken from YouTube site for you to start with.

And here we have got to know seven (7) reasons why you should sing to learn languages.

Reasons to sing

a. Music connects across cultures and can break down barriers. When you have sung people songs they wouldn’t expect you to know and that they like, it has instantly broken the ice.
b. Getting to know the music is getting to know the culture and language and sometimes learning languages is like learning a musical instrument.
c. Learning the lyrics of a song helps you expand your vocabulary and teach you some slang/typical phrases.
d. Singing can actually help you reduce your foreign-sounding accent! A music teacher taught some students more about sentence rhythm, pronunciation, tones and beat of Portuguese than a foreign language teacher ever would have been able to.
e. As described in the free chapter of the Language Hacking Guide, you can use music and singing to help you learn to speak simple basic essential phrases to get by in a language much quicker.
f. You can take music with you anywhere and learn and practise it on the move thanks to your MP3 player / mobile phone. While it’s pleasant to have music in the background, make sure to actually pay attention to the words if you want to learn something beyond just being able to hum the tune!
g. It’s fun! You can put your whole body into singing if you like and let your hair down a lot easier than you would in many speaking situations. You can really enjoy yourself by singing and it helps to improve your mood. Life would be way cooler if people sang more! Did you ever notice how happy everyone is in musicals?

So don’t be shy, and don’t worry if you don’t have a good singing voice, if you don't think Sony Records are going to be rushing to sign a contract with you based on the voice you have produced, but that isn’t the point, is it? Just enjoy yourself!

If music has helped you improve your language skills, share your story with me and let me know of even more reasons why people should sing to improve their language skills.
Want more songs? Just don't worry, please come back here very soon....

 

Why is singing good for learning?

A £10m national campaign has been launched to get primary school children and their teachers singing more. How can it help learning?

It's not often pupils are encouraged to raise their voices in school, but that's what the government wants them to do.

Over the years singing has almost disappeared from the classroom but a £10m national campaign has now been launched to get pupils in primary school singing - and their teachers.
Experts say that singing not only building children's confidence, it is also a valuable teaching tool. Why?
Music can be used to reinforce challenging concepts, numeracy, motor skills and language development, says Howard Goodall, composer and the government's singing ambassador.
"When children are singing they are taking in information and training the brain but they don't think they are, they think they are just having fun."

WHO, WHAT, WHY? A feature to the BBC News Magazine - aiming to answer some of the questions behind the headlines

Rhythm is a good example. When a child is taught about it they also learn about mathematical concepts like ratios, fractions and proportion. Rhythm also translates in other subjects, such as talking about heartbeats in science.
Learning song lyrics can improve mental agility and reading skills.
The medical evidence is also there. Singing is an aerobic activity that boosts oxygenation in the bloodstream, increasing mental alertness. Experts also believe that the variety of skills needed for singing, including coordination and listening, help develop the brain.

With one voice
Oxford Gardens Primary School in west London is part of the Voices Foundation programme, which aims to teach the music requirements of the National Curriculum through song.
Young children are encouraged to sing as much as possible during lessons - including English and maths. One class is even learning German purely through singing.
Head teacher Liz Rayment-Pickard says singing has made a positive impact on all areas of the pupils' learning. Teachers have seen more academic success and an improvement in pupils' behaviour and concentration.
"I'm passionate about singing in schools," she says. "We have seen amazing benefits from using it in lessons. It's changed the school dramatically. Everything is much calmer.
"The children have learnt to listen to each other, to have the confidence to sing solo. These skills are very easily transferred into learning to read and work in maths."
And everyone is involved, she says, not just those with musical ability.

This writing is adapted from the sites of: Fluent in Three Months (http://www.fluentin3months.com/sing-to-learn-languages/) and BBC News Magazine (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/6267665.stm)

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Dictionary of Golf Terms

Dictionary of Golf Terms (A to Z)

(AJIB GILA! LEBIH LENGKAP BANGET DAFTARNYA DIBANDING KAMUS GOLF LAIN,,,BENERAN DAH....!!)

A
Acceptable Score     A score made over an 18 hole round which is used to calculate or adjust a players handicap.
Ace     A hole in one. Term used for a hole-in-one. When a player hits the ball directly from the tee into the hole with one stroke. Also called a hole in one.
Action     Backspin on ball.
Active Season     The golfing season in which a player's scores can be used to adjust their handicap.
Address     When a golfer takes his stance and lined up the club to make a stroke. The act of taking a stance and placing the club-head behind the ball. If the ball moves once a player has addressed the ball, there is a one-stroke penalty. Unless it is clear that the act of the player did not cause the ball to move on purpose. If the player addresses the ball and places the head of the club behind it and in doing this causes the ball to move, a one shot penalty does not occur in this case.
Adjusted Gross Score     Competition scratch used to recalculate handicap. AGS is based on scores recorded by all players in the competition.
Advice     Instruction on how a ball should be played. Only partners and caddies may be consulted without penalty.
Aerosol    A player who rarely hits the ball in a consistent line. One who sprays the ball.
AggregateRefers to a score made over more than one round of play, or by two or more players playing as partners.
AimGenerally, the direction in which your target lies and the direction you intend for your ball to go. 
Air Shot     Missing the ball during a swing. A shot where the player addresses the balls, swings, and completely misses the golf-ball. An air shot is counted as a stroke. See also whiff.
Albatross     Three strokes under par for a given hole. A score of three under the par for a hole (known in U.S. as a double-eagle. A hole played three strokes under par. Also called a Double Eagle.
AlignmentThe position of a player's body relative to the target line of the ball.
All squareIn match play, a match is all square (tied) when both players or teams have won the same number of holes.
Amateur     Opposite of professional, one who does not receive monetary remuneration from the game.
Ambrose     A system of team play whereby each player takes a tee shot, after which the most favorable ball position is chosen. All the team's players then take a shot from this new position, and so on. (Also known as a Texas Scramble)
Angle of approach     The angle at which the club head strikes the ball. This affects the trajectory the ball will travel and spin. 
Anti-shank - A design of club which attempts to eliminate striking the ball with the hosel.
Approach     Hitting the ball at the green. A golf shot that is played from the fairway or rough towards the green.
Approach shot     A shot intended to land the ball on the green.
Apron     The short fringe surrounding the green which isolates it from the fairway. The grass surface on the perimeter of the green that separates it from the surrounding fairway or rough. Also known as frog-hair, or fringe.
Artisan     A class of membership of a golf club with restricted rights at a low cost. Historically, many British golf clubs had small artisan sections, drawn from the working classes. Typically artisan members had limited playing rights, could not enter the clubhouse, had no vote on the management of the club, played in separate competitions from the main membership and had to perform unpaid maintenance of the course. Often an artisan club was a separate organization that had negotiated use of a course with a private members club. Some artisan organizations have survived to this day.
Attend the flag     Attend (the flag-stick) To hold and remove the flagstick from the hole as an opponent putts. When a player holds and removes the flag-stick for another player.
Austin     Any ball that lands off of the green yet still on an imaginary line passing through the flag-stick. The ball can be any distance off of the green, out to infinity, as long as it is still located on the imaginary line. Thus a player can be pin high 50 yards wide right and still claim an Austin.
Authorised     One that is recognised by the R&A.
Away     The away ball is that which is furthest from the hole when more than one golfer is playing. It usually is played first. Describing the golfer whose ball is farthest from the hole. The player who is away should always play first.


B
Back Door     When a ball is holed by going around the lip of the cup and dropping in from the back end.
Back Nine     The last nine holes of an 18 hole course.The last nine holes of an 18 hole golf course. Playing the back nine is called "heading in".
Back Side     The last 8 holes of an 18 hole course.
Backspin     Reverse spin applied to the ball and prevents it from bouncing forward after landing; same as Bite. A backwards spin that occurs when a player strikes the golf-ball. The spin causes the ball to stop quickly or spin backwards after landing on the green.
Backswing     When the golfer takes the club away from the addressed ball, continues until the club is moved back towards to ball. The first part of the golf-swing. The back-swing starts with the club-head immediately behind the ball and ends when the club-head travels back behind the player's head. The term take-away refers to the first part of the back-swing.
Baffy     Another name for a 4 wood. A small headed, steeply lofted wooden club, no longer in use, which was developed from the baffing spoon. The modern equivalent would be the number four wood.
Balata - Used to make the outer cover for top standard golf balls. This compound is either natural or synthetic and its soft, elasticity produces a high spin rate. Tournament players often prefer this type of cover.
Ball     Golf Balls, go to A History of the Golf Ball. A small sphere used in playing golf, which is intended to be struck by a player swinging a club. Balls are usually white, covered in dimples, and made of a variety of materials.
Ball in Play     The ball is on play once the player starts his downswing on the teeing area. It continues to be so until holed out, lost, out of bounds or lifted.
Ball Mark     The mark left by the ball when it pitches on the fairway or green.
Ball Marker     Any small object used to mark a ball's position on the green prior to it being picked up. A token or a small coin used to spot the ball's position on the green prior to lifting it.
Ball Retriever     An extendable device used to retrieve balls mainly from the water and other inaccessible areas.
Ball Roundness Gauge     An instrument used to measure how spherical a ball is.
Ball Washer     An instrument used to clean golf balls. A device found on many tees for cleaning golf balls.
Banana Ball     Slicing the ball such that it curves off to the side in a banana shaped trajectory. The result of a severe fade that results in a trajectory in the shape of a banana. This is also referred to as an extreme slice.
Bandit     See Sandbagger.
Bare Lie     When the ball lies directly on hard ground without any grass to buoy the ball up, (i.e.), where there is no grass creating a gap between ball and the ground. Applicable when practicing off hard mats.
Barkie     When the ball hits any part of a tree and the golfer still completes the hole with a par.
Beach     A sand bunker.
Bent grass - An ideal surface for putting greens is produced by this fine-leaved grass but in hot climates it is difficult to maintain.
Bermuda     Species of coarse grass used in hot climates.
Best Ball     A competition where two or more players form a team. The best net score per team on each hole is recorded on the scorecard. A form of team play using two, three, or four person teams. The team score on each hole is the lowest score obtained by one of the team members. For example, if player A has a 5, player B has a 6, player C has a 4, and player D has a 5, the "best ball" and team score is a 4.
Best Shot     A team competition where each member of the team plays a shot, the best placed ball is then chosen and all other players of the same team play their next shot from that position.
BIGGA     Is the professional association in the United Kingdom dealing with all matters of golf management from a greens-keeper's viewpoint. For the U.S. equivalent, see GCSAA.Birdie     One under par for the hole. In order to score a Birdie you need one shot under the par for the golf hole. A hole played in one stroke under par.
Bisque     A form of handicapping used in private matchplay games. The higher handicapped player is allowed to choose on which holes they receive their handicap allowance of "free shots". As this is a matter of negotiation between the players involved there are many variations in the number of shots allowed and when (before the start of the round, before playing a hole, during the play of a hole, after playing a hole) the claiming of "free shot" is allowed. Bisque matches are not recognized by the rules of golf.
Bite     Reverse spin applied to the ball and prevents it from bouncing forward after landing; same as Backspin. Some players put a great deal of spin on their approach shots causing the ball to stop immediately when it hits the green. This phenomenon is referred to as biting or checking. Depending on the amount of backspin, the ball may suck backwards.
Blade     When the upper part of the ball is struck by the edge of the club face causing it to hug the ground in flight. 
(i) A type of iron where the weight is distributed evenly across the back of the club-head as opposed to mainly around the perimeter (see cavity back).
(ii) A type of putter with a striking face considerably wider than the distance from the face to the rear of the club-head.
(iii) a shot struck "thinly" with the bottom of an iron striking high up on the golf ball, causing a low trajectory shot with a lack of control.
Blade Shot     To strike the ball above it's centre causing it to skip and bounce along the ground rather than rise through the air.
Blast     The material carried with the ball when it is hit out of a sand bunker. A bunker shot that sends the ball, and accompanying sand, (hopefully) onto the green. Also known as an "explosion".
Blind     A shot that does not allow the golfer to see where the ball will land, such as onto an elevated green from below.
Blind Hole     When the golfer cannot see the green when having to play an approach shot.
Block     A shot played severely to the right; Similar to the "push".
Block Shot     When a player strikes the ball late in their swing (usually caused by turning to quickly during the swing). The ball travels outside of the target.
Bogey     One over par for the hole. This is a score of one over the par for the golf hole. A hole played one stroke over par.
Bogey Golfer     A player who has a handicap is the about the same as the number holes on a course (18 to 22).
Boron - A strong metal powder that is added to the construction of graphite shafts at the hosel end to help provide extra strength.
Borrow - A term used in Britain for the amount of deviation from a straight line a putt will make due to the slope of the green. The American term for this is Break. 
Bounce     Technically, the measure of the angle from the front edge of a club's sole to the point that rests on the ground when addressing the ball.
Bounce Back     Scoring a birdie or better on a hole immediately following a bogey or worse. Also see Reverse Bounce Back.
Brassie     Another name for a 2 wood. This club was fitted with a brass sole plate. The term also applied to various lofted wooden clubs in the 1880s and 1890s. The modern equivalent would be the number two wood.
Break     The path a putt must follow over a contour in the green in order to go in the hole. American term for the amount a putt will deviate from a straight line due to the slope of the green. The term in Britain is borrow. The tendency of a putted ball to roll left or right of a straight line. This deviation may be a result of a number of factors or combination of factors including uneven surface, grain of the grass, how firmly the putt is struck or, in extreme circumstances, wind. In the United Kingdom, it is also known as "borrow".
Buggy     Powered cart used to transport golfer and equipment around the course.
Bullarding     Playing consistently above your regular handicap or regularly failing to achieve in competition play. It is the opposite of sandbagging.
Bulger driver - Designed to reduce the chances of striking the ball on the heel or toe of the club, the bulger had a convex face. Popular in the late nineteenth century, now obsolete. 
Bump and run     A low-trajectory shot that is intended to get the ball rolling along the fairway and up onto the green. Similar to a chip shot, but played from a greater distance.Bunker     A hazard filled by sand or grass that is placed where a fairway shot may end (by a green or driving distance from the tee). You are not allowed to practice swing or ground your club in a bunker. A depression in bare ground that is usually covered with sand. Also called a "sand trap". It is considered a hazard under the Rules of Golf.
Bunker, Green-side     A bunker next to or even in a green. See bunker.
Bunker, Fairway     A bunker located on or in the fairway. See bunker. 
Bye     A short game played over the remaining holes when the main match finishes early because one player or team has won by a large margin. It serves the joint purpose of adding some competitive meaning to the rest of the holes and also for the losing side to attempt to regain some of the pride lost as a result of their humiliation in the main match. It is usual for the loser of the bye to buy the first drinks in the 19th hole afterwards. In this respect it is an almost direct equivalent to a beer match in cricket.




C
Caddie     or Caddie ~ A person who carries a players clubs. Assists a player on deciding distances and club selection. Helps player when deciding on the line of a putt. A person, often paid, who carries a player's clubs and offers advice. Players are responsible for the actions of their caddies. Players cannot receive advice from anyone other than their caddy or partner.
Calcutta     A wager, typically in support of one team to win a tournament. In a Calcutta golfers bid, auction style, on the team (or golfer) who they think will win the tournament (you can bid on your own team or yourself). All the money raised through the auction goes into an auction pool. At the end of the tournament, those who bet on the winning team (or golfer) that won the tournament receives a predetermined payout from the auction pool.
Carry     The distance that the ball travels in the air after being struck. The distance between the playing and the landing of the ball. When played over a hazard such as water the term used is to "carry" the hazard. How far the ball travels through the air. Contrasted with "run". Typically refers to a shot over a hazard. For example, "This shot requires a 200 yard carry to get over that water."
Cart     Powered buggy used to transport golfer and equipment around the course. The four-wheeled electrical or gas-powered vehicle for use in transporting players and their equipment from hole to hole. Also, a hand-pulled (2-wheel) or hand-pushed (3-wheel) cart for carrying a bag of clubs, also available in powered versions controlled by remote.
Cart Fee     Buggy hire fee changed for use on the course.
Cart Path     Designated carriageways for carts.
Casual Water     Water on the course that is not a water hazard (such puddles after rain). Relief maybe taken when in casual water or if having to play over when on the green. Any temporary standing water visible after a player has taken his stance. Snow and ice can also be taken as casual water, as well as water that overflows the banks of existing water hazards.
Championship     Tournaments regulated by a golfing authority recognised by the R&A.
Cavity Backed     Design of irons with hollowed out back which assists Perimiter Weighting and thus good for beginners. Any iron whose design characteristic is such that the weight is distributed primarily around the outer edges of the club-head in order to maximize forgiveness on off-center hits.
Chili Dip     When the top of the ball is struck by the bottom of the club, causing it to jump straight up and plonk back down.
Chip     Hitting the ball into the air with enough flight to land on the green and roll across the green towards the hole. A shot that is low running and normally played towards the hole from the edge of the green. A short shot (typically played from very close to and around the green), that is intended to travel through the air over a very short distance and roll the remainder of the way to the hole.
Chipper - A relatively straight faced club that is used for playing the low chip from just off the green.
Chip and Run     A shot played like a chip over a greater distance.
Chip Shot     A chip with the application of some spin.
Chipping Iron     An iron used to chip the ball onto the green.
Choke     When a golfer looses his nerve and therefore plays an important or hard shot badly.
Chunk     When the club strikes the ground well behind the ball. A swing that results in the club-head hitting the ground before the ball, resulting in a large chunk of ground being taken as a divot. Also called a "fat" shot, or "chili-dipping".
Claret Jug - Presented to the champion golfer of the Open Championship (one of the four Men's Majors). This trophy was first presented in 1872. (See Tournaments section in Encyclopaedia).
Cleek     Another name for a 2 iron. Term of Scottish origin to describe an iron club of roughly the equivalent modern 2-iron; although there were variations including short cleeks, driving cleeks and putting cleeks.
Clone     Budget brand golf clubs that look similar to, and emulate the characteristics of, more expensive clubs without breaching any patents.
Closed Face     Turning the club face slightly inward in order to hook the ball or prevent a slice. When (in relation to the target-line) the club-face is angled toward the player's body, i.e., angled left for right-handed players.
Closed Stance     Leading foot is nearer to the ball at address. Position normally adopted in order to hook the ball or prevent a slice. When a player's front foot is set closer to the target-line. Used to draw the ball or to prevent a slice.
Club     Used as a shorten name for a golf course or the equipment used to strike a ball. Golf Club, refer to the Rules for full specifications and restrictions.
(i) An instrument used by a player to hit a golf ball. A player is allowed to carry up to fourteen (14) clubs during a round of golf.
(ii) An organized group of golfers, usually owning or managing a golf course.
(iii) The entirety of a golf facility, including course, club-house, pro-shop, practice areas etc.
Club Face     That part of the club head which comes into direct contact with the ball. The surface of the club-head which is designed to strike the golf ball. Striking the ball with the center of the clubface maximizes distance and accuracy.
Club Head     The end of the club that includes the club face. The part of a club that used to strike the ball.
Club Loft     The angle of the club face - affects the flight and distance of the ball when struck.
Clubhouse     A golf club's administration, recreational and facilities building. A building on a golf course providing facilities for golfers, typically including changing rooms, bar, restaurant, offices for club officials and noticeboards with information about local rules, the conditions of the course, upcoming events etc. A clubhouse may incorporate a pro shop and dormie house. The clubhouse is normally located adjacent to the first and final holes of the course.
Collar     The edge around a green or bunker.
Come-backer     A putt required after the previous putt went past the hole.
Committee     Elected management of a golf club.
Competition Scratch Score     The number shots used to recalculate handicap after a competition. The range is one below or three above the Standard Scratch. The CSS is calculated by using all the scores recorded in the competition.
Compression     The softness (Usually 90 compression) of a golf ball. Harder balls (100 compression) are normally used in windy conditions. The measurement for expressing the hardness of a golf ball, normally 90 compression. Harder balls (100 compression) are intended for players with faster swings but may also be useful in windy conditions.
Condor     A four-under par shot; for example, a hole-in-one on a par 5. Might also be called "a triple eagle".
Consecutive Nine-Hole Scores     To combine the score of two nine holes rounds played consecutively within seven days to arrive at a score suitable for handicap adjustment.
Couch-grass - A grass with long, creeping roots that is often regarded as a weed. 
Count-back     A method of determining a winner of a competition in the event of a tie. There are several different methods used, but typically the scores in the last nine, last six, last three and final hole are compared in turn until a winner emerges.
Course     A golf course, made up of usually 9 or 18 holes, please refer to the rules for full definition and restrictions. A designated area of land on which golf is played through a normal succession from hole #1 to the last hole.

Course Handicap     A handicap awarded a player based the courses SSS or CSS when playing in a competition.
Course Handicap Conversion Chart     The stroke index of each hole on the course.
Course Handicap Table     The CSS used to recalculate your handicap.
Course Rating     Used by organisations to rate the degree of difficulty of a course. Course rating is a numerical value given to each set of tees at a particular golf course to approximate the number of strokes it should take a scratch golfer to complete the course.
Cross bunker - A bunker lying across the line of the fairway.
Cross-handed     A putting (and, occasionally, full-swing) grip in which the hands are placed in positions opposite that of the conventional grip. For right-handed golfers, a cross-handed grip would place the left hand below the right. Also known as the "left-hand low" grip, it has been known to help players combat the yips.
Cup     The hole in the green into which the ball is eventually putted.
Curtis Cup - Presented to the winner of the two-yearly match between two teams of women amateur golfers representing the USA and Europe. (See Tournaments section in Encyclopaedia)
Cut     When a tournament's field is reduced after each qualifying round. Striking the ball causing it to move from inside to out of your stance. A player must score low enough , usually over the first 36 holes of a 72 hole tournament in order to qualify for the final two rounds.  To miss the cut is to fail in obtaining this low score.
Cut Shot     To put a backspin onto the ball when striking it onto the green causing to stop quicker on impact. A shot that spins the ball in a clockwise direction thus resulting in a left to right bending flight.  
(i) The reduction in the size of the field during a multiple round stroke play tournament. The cut is usually set so that a fixed number of players, plus anyone tied for that place, or anyone within a certain number of strokes of the lead will participate in the subsequent round(s). Tournaments may have more than one cut.
(ii) A shot similar to a fade, a cut curves from left to right (for a right-handed player), but is generally higher in trajectory.


D
Dance floor - Putting green.
Dead      TV-broadcaster slang for a shot in which there is no favorable outcome possible. One variation includes, "Get the body bags!", which is a favorite of Gary McCord.
Deuce     To hole out in two strokes.
Dimple     Dimples ~ The indentations on the surface of a golf ball which affects it's flight characteristics. The round indentations on a golf ball cover which are scientifically designed to enable the ball to make a steady and true flight. Dimples, by reducing drag, allow a golf ball to stay in the air for a longer flight than would be possible with a smooth ball.
Divot     A piece of turf lifted when ball is struck - typically on fairway, played to create backspin. When a shot is played the club head often removes a piece of turf known as a divot. 
(i) The chunk of grass and earth displaced during a stroke.
(ii) The indentation on the green caused by the ball on an approach shot; more properly called a pitch mark or ball mark.
Divot Fixer     Instrument to repair ball pitch marks made on the green where the ball landed. Dog-balls
Scoring an 'eight' on any single golf hole. The origin of the term is in reference to what the number 'eight' looks like on its side.
Dogleg
Dogleg     A hole where the fairway hooks to the left or right thus obscuring the green from the tee. A hole changes direction sharply either left or right, normally in the landing area for the tee-shot. A hole where the fairway is straight for some distance and then bends to the left or right. These holes are so-named because they resemble the shape of a dog's leg.
Dog licence     A defeat in matchplay by the margin of 7&6. Named because the cost of a dog license in the United Kingdom before decimalisation in 1971 was seven shillings and sixpence (written 7/6, 37½p in new money), commonly known as seven and six.
Dormie     or Dormy ~ Term given to describe the situation when a team cannot lose a match against the competition as the number holes remaining is the same as the current lead. A match play term used when a player cannot be beaten as the number of leading holes and the number of remaining holes are the same. A situation in match play when a player leads by as many holes as there are holes left to play. For example, four up with four holes to play is called "dormie-four".
Dormie house     A building at a golf club providing overnight accommodation.
Double Bogey     Two shots over the hole par. A hole played two strokes over par.
Double cross     A shot whereby a player intends for a fade and hits a hook, or conversely, intends to play a draw and hits a slice. So called because the player has aimed left (in the case of a slice) and compounds this with hitting a hook, which moves left as well.
Double D     When a driver is used on the fairway after being used for the tee shot.
Double Eagle     Three shots under the hole par; also known as albatross. An American term for a score of three under the par for a hole. A hole played three strokes under par. Also called an Albatross.
Double green - One putting surface that is shared by two holes.
Down     Number of stokes or holes you are behind your opponent.
Downhill Lie     When the ball rests on a hill that goes down towards where you intend to strike the ball.
Downswing     The down-stroke part of a golfer's swing. A motion involving the body and golf-club used to move the club from the top of the swing to the point of impact.
Draw     To induce topspin onto the ball causing in to move from outside to in on your swing. Opposite is Fade. A flight path of the ball in which the ball curves gently right-to-left for a right-handed player,
or left-to-right for a left-handed player. A shot that, for a right-handed golfer, curves to the left; often played intentionally by skilled golfers. An overdone draw usually becomes a hook.
Drive     A shot from the tee area. The first shot hit from the tee-box. The first shot of each hole, made from an area called the tee box (see definition below), usually done with a driver (a type of golf club).
Driver     A 1-Wood Club normally used for the Tee shot. A long shafted club used for driving the ball a maximum distance from the tee with little loft.
Driving Iron     A 1 or 2 iron which gives distance rather than height.
Driving Range     An area set aside for practice.
Drop     Bringing the ball back into play after striking the last shot out of bounds or into a water hazard etc. The ball is released from an outstretched arm held at shoulder height.
Duck Hook     To induce to much topspin onto the ball causing in to move from outside to in on your swing. Normally caused by turning your body to quickly through your swing. A severe low hook that barely gets airborne.  
Duff     Also known as Dub or Flub, but almost always denotes a horrible shot. Typically, this is a shot where very little or no contact is made between the club-face and golf-ball. Also, See Shank.
Dunk     When a ball lands in a water hazard.

E
Eagle     To score two under par for a hole. A score of two under the par for a golf hole. A hole played in two strokes under par.
Equitable Stroke Control Method     Stroke index of a hole on a course. Used in Stableford and match play competitions.
Etiquette     A set of guidelines to promote proper behaviour on the course. Click and see Golf Rules.
European Tour     One of the world's leading professional golf tours, along with the PGA Tour. Based in Europe, but also co-sanctions the major championships and World Golf Championships in the United States, along with many other tournaments in Asia, Africa and Australia. 

Even     Having a score equal to that of par.
Exact Handicap     A players handicap measured to the nearest 10th.
Executive Course     A golf course with mainly par 3 and comparatively short par 4 holes.
Explode     The material carried with the ball when it is hit out of a sand bunker.
Explosion     A bunker shot that sends the ball, and accompanying sand, (hopefully) onto the green. Also known as a "blast".

F
Face     That part of the club head which comes into direct contact with the ball.
Fade     To induce backspin onto the ball causing it to travel through the air following inside to out swing. Opposite is Draw. A type of shot in which the ball tends to curve gently from left to right, for a right handed player, in flight. For a ethane, a fade would go right-to-left. A shot that, for a right-handed golfer, curves slightly to the right, and is often played intentionally by skilled golfers. An overdone fade will appear similar to a slice.
Fairway     The playing area between the tee and the green, does not include hazards. This is an area of closely mown turf which stretches between the tee and the green. Bordered by long grass known as semi-rough or uncut grass known as rough. The area of the course between the tee and the green that is well-maintained allowing a good lie for the ball.
Fairway Hit     Landing and stopping the ball on the fairway from the tee on holes greater than par 3. A fairway is considered hit if any part of the ball is touching the fairway surface after the tee shot on a par 4 or 5. Percentage of fairways hit is one of many statistics kept by the PGA Tour.
Fairway markers     Fairway markers indicate the distance from the marker to the center of the green. Some fairway markers give the yardage. Most are color-coded as follows: yellow=250 yards, blue=200 yards, white=150 yards, red=100 yards. These colors are not standardized and may vary based on the specific course layout.
Fat     A stroke in which the club makes contact with the turf long before the ball, resulting in a poor contact and significant loss of distance.
Fat Shot     When the club strikes the ground well behind the ball.
Featherie     Early golf balls with a core of compressed feathers inside a leather outer. An early golf ball made by filling a leather pouch with boiled feathers. It was highly susceptible to damage and began to go out of use in the mid-1880's after the introduction of the cheaper guttie ball. (Feathery)
Fescue - A species of grass commonly found on putting greens especially on British seaside links courses. It is a fine leafed, deep rooting grass that is tolerant to drought conditions thus providing an ideal putting surface.
Field     The players in a tournament.
Flag Events     A player carries their flag until their net score has fallen behind the course using the hole stroke indexes.
Flagstick     The pole in the centre of the green with a flag attached. A stick with a flag to mark the location of the hole on the greens. Also called "Pin". A tall marker, often a metal pole with a flag at the top, used to indicate the position of the hole on a green. Also called the "pin". An additional smaller flag, or other marker, is sometimes positioned on the flag-stick to indicate the location of the hole (front, middle, or back) on the green.
Flange     The base of a club, the part that rests on the ground.
Flat swing - Often regarded as a fault it is a back swing where the club is more horizontal than vertical.
Flex     The degree that a club's shaft bends upon impact with the ball.
Flex Point     That part of a club's shaft which bends the most.
Flier     When a ball travels further than expected when using a given club, sometimes happens when playing from the rough or off a slope. A type of lie where the ball is in the rough and grass is likely to become trapped between the ball and the club-face at the moment of impact. Flier lies often result in "flier shots", which have little or no spin (due to the blades of grass blocking the grooves on the club-face) and travel much farther than intended.
Flop shot     A short shot, played with an open stance and an open club-face, designed to travel very high in the air and land softly on the green. The flop shot is useful when players do not have "much green to work with", but should only be attempted on the best of lies.
Follow Through     The final part of a golf swing, after the ball has been hit.
Flight     A ball is in flight when travelling through the air.
Follow-Through     That part of a golfer's swing after the ball has been struck.
Fore     To cry "Fore" is to warn other players that your ball may hit them. A warning shout given when there is a chance that the ball may hit other players or spectators.
Forecaddie     One who directs golfers to their balls during competition. One employed by a golfer or group of golfers to walk ahead of the players in order to spot the fall of their shots and to find their balls. More commonly used in the days of hand-made feathery balls when the cost of replacing a ball would be greater than the fore caddy's fee. Today in professional tournaments, ball spotters are normally placed at each hole for the same purpose.
Forged     A club where the head is made from one piece of light alloy/metal. A forged club gives a golfer more feeling when striking the ball.
Four Ball     Where two pairs of golfers play in matchplay against each other. A match played by four players divided into teams of two - each player playing his own ball. In matchplay, a contest between two sides, each consisting of a pair of players, where every individual plays his own ball throughout. On every hole, the lower of the two partner's scores is matched against the lower of the opposition's scores. (Four-balls are the afternoon matches played on the Friday and Saturday of the Ryder Cup) In stroke-play, a four-ball competition is played between several teams each consisting of 2 players, where for every hole the lower of the two partner's scores counts toward the team's 18 hole total. The term four-ball is an informal reference to any group of 4 players on the course.
Foursome     A group of four golfers playing only two balls. A pair of the players form a team and player alternate shots.The match can be scored as match play, stroke play or as a stapleford. A match played by four players divided into two teams - one ball per team is used, the shots are alternated between the teams. Each tee shot is also alternated between the players of the teams. In matchplay, a contest between two sides each consisting of a pair of players, where the 2 partners hit alternate shots on one ball. The first player tees off, the second player hits the second shot, the first player hits the third shot, and so on until the ball is holed. Also partners alternate their tee shots, so that one member of each team will always tee-off on the odd holes and the other will tee off on the even holes. (Foursomes are the opening matches played on the Friday and Saturday mornings of the Ryder Cup.). In stroke-play, a foursome competition is played between several teams each consisting of a pair of players, where partners play alternate shots until the SINGLE ball is holed. The term foursome is a common reference to any group of 4 players on the course.
Free drop - Ball dropped without penalty away from an immovable obstruction, or in other circumstances in accordance with the Rules of Golf.
Fried Egg     When a ball remains in its own pitch mark when landing in a bunker.
Fringe     The short fringe surrounding the green which isolates it from the fairway. The closely mowed area surrounding the green. The grass in between the green and the fairway.
Frog Hair     The short fringe surrounding the green which isolates it from the fairway.
Front Nine     The first nine holes of an 18 hole course. These are the first nine holes of an eighteen hole golf course. Holes 1 through 9 on a golf course.
Funnies     Various informal achievements, both positive and negative; these differ from traditional achievements like birdies or eagles in that the achievements are for unusual things that may happen in the course of a game. Their main use is to add interest to informal matchplay games as they enable players to win something regardless of the overall outcome of the match. They are frequently associated with gambling because money, usually small stakes, changes hands depending on which funnies occur.


G
Gallery     Spectators at a tournament or match.
GCSAA     The American professional association for golf course superintendents. Analogous to BIGGA in the United Kingdom.
Gene Sarazen Cup - Presented to the winner of the WGC Championship (sponsored by American Express).
Get Down     To putt the ball into the hole.
Get Legs     A term used by golfers to encourge the ball to roll when they suspect it may stop short.
GHIN     Golf Handicap Information Network.
Gimmie     When an opponent decides that it is not necessary to play the next shot, normally because you are close to the hole. Refers to a putt that the other players agree can count automatically without actually being played (under the tacit assumption that the putt would not have been missed). "Gimmes" are not allowed by the rules in stroke play, but they are often practiced in casual matches. However, in match play, either player may formally concede a stroke, a hole, or the entire match at any time, and this may not be refused or withdrawn. A player in match play will generally concede a tap-in or other short putt by his or her opponent.

Go to School     To study the travel of a previous putt to 'read' the green.
Golden Ferret     Holing out from a green-side bunker.
Good-good     When both players in a match agree to concede each others' putts.
Goldie Bounce     When the ball strikes a tree deep in the rough and bounces out onto the fairway.
Golf Association     An organisation recognised by the R&A that runs events and promotes golf within a region.
Golf club     
(i) An implement used by a player to hit a golf ball. A player is allowed to carry up to fourteen (14) clubs during a round of golf. 
(ii) An organized group of golfers, usually owning or managing a golf course. 
(iii) The entirety of a golf facility, including course, club-house, pro-shop, practice areas etc.
Gorilla     Someone who hits their tee shot a long way.
Grain     The angle at which the grass on the green lies. Playing against it or with it affects the speed of the ball when putting. The direction in which the grass grows, specifically on the green (see below). Depending on the variety of grass used on the green and mowing patterns, grain can significantly influence the speed and movement of a putt.
Grand slam     Winning all the golf's major championships in the same calendar year. Before The Masters was founded, the national amateur championships of the U.S and the UK were considered majors along with the two national opens and only Bobby Jones has ever completed a grand slam with these. No man has ever achieved a modern grand slam, Tiger Woods being the closest in winning all four consecutively, but over two calendar years. A "Career Grand Slam" is having won each of the majors at least once, not necessarily in the same year.
Graphite     Carbon based material used to make shafts and clubheads. A Carbon-based substance that is bounded in layers to produce an exceptionally strong but light material. It is used today in the manufacture of club heads.
Grasscutter     A shot which travels low and fast just skimming the grass.
Great Triumvirate - A collective title given to three outstanding British professional golf players before the First World War. They where James Braid, Harry Vardon and J.H. Taylor.
Green     The area of short grass surrounding the hole where the ball is hit using a putter. An area of closely mown, specially prepared grass that contains the golf hole. Separated from the fairway by a fringe of grass that is longer than the grass on the green but shorter than the grass on the fairway. The area of specially prepared grass around the hole, where putts are played.
Green Fee     The charge levied to play the course.
Green in Regulation     The number of shots you are expected to play before getting your ball onto the green. Always two shots less than the par of the hole. A green is considered hit "in regulation" if any part of the ball is touching the putting surface and the number of strokes taken is at least two fewer than par (i.e., by the first stroke on a par 3, the second stroke on a par 4, or the third stroke on a par 5). Greens in regulation percentage is one of many statistics kept by the PGA Tour.
Greensomes     Is a variation of foursomes, where each side consists of 2 players. Both players play one tee-shot each from every tee. A choice is then made as to which is the more favorable of the 2 ball positions, the other ball being picked up. Thereafter the players play alternate shots. So if A's tee-shot is selected, the playing order from the tee will be A-B-A-B etc until the ball is holed out. If player B's tee-shot is selected, the playing order will be B-A-B-A etc. The team with the lowest score wins the hole.
Green Jacket     The mantle of honour given to the winner of the US Masters. Presented to the winner of The Masters (one of the four Men's Majors), a tradition that dates back to 1949. This tournament is played annually at Augusta National.
Greenie     The getting of a par or better at a hole when the ball is got onto the green in regulation.
Grip     The part of the club which the golfer holds, typically made from leather, cord, rubber or a mixture of the three.
Groove     The indentations cut into the club face which cause the ball to spin. The description given to a good repeated swing.
Gross score     Your score over 18 holes before you reduce it by taking your handicap away.
Ground Under Repair     Areas of the course under repair. Balls may be removed from them without penalty. An area of the golf course that is being repaired. A free drop is allowed if the ball lands in an area marked "GUR".
Groove     
(i) The crevices on the face of a club that are designed to impart spin on the ball.
(ii) A well practiced swing that is easily repeatable by the golfer is often described as "well grooved"
Grounding the Club     To place the club on the ground prior to striking the ball when addressing it. To place the club-face behind the ball on the ground at address. Grounding the club is prohibited in bunkers or when playing from any marked hazard.
Gutta Percha     Rubbery material used to make golf balls after 1848.
Guttie     A golf ball made of gutta percha which rendered Featheries obsolete. Ball introduced in 1848, made of gutta percha, a rubber like substance obtained from the latex of a species of Malaysian tree.



H
Hack or Hacker     A poor golfer. People who demonstrate very little or no golf-etiquette.
Hake ball - Name of the first rubber-core ball, which was invented in 1898 by Co burn Hake. 
Half     In match play, a hole is halved (or tied) when both players or teams have played the same number of strokes. In some team events, such as the Ryder Cup and Presidents Cup (except for singles matches in the latter competition while its overall outcome remains in doubt), a match that is tied after 18 holes is not continued, and is called "halved", with each team receiving half a point.
Halfway house or Halfway hut     A building, generally between the 9th and 10th holes, providing light snacks and refreshments for golfers during their round.
Halve A Hole     In match play, refers to a draw when both opponents take the same number of shots to complete the hole.
Halve A Match     In match play, refers to a draw when both opponents have won the same number holes in the round.
Handicap     The number of strokes a player is given to adjust his score to that of standard scratch. It allows golfers of different abilities to compete on equal terms. A system that theoretically enables players of all abilities to play on equal terms with each other. A number assigned to each player based on his ability and used to adjust each player's score to provide equality among the players. In simplified terms, a handicap number, based on the slope of a course, is subtracted from the player's gross score and gives him a net score of par or better half the time.
The handicap of a player is usually based on the average scores of a player set on a standard for a course.
Handicap Allowance     Your adjusted handicap depending on the type of competition you have entered.
Handicap Player     A golfer who has a recognised handicap awarded by a Golf Club.
Handicap System     A method of adjusting golfers' scores to a baseline such that they can compete on equal terms.
Handicap-Stroke Hole     A hole where in match play an opponent receives a shot. It is determined by the stroke index of the hole.
Handsy     A player with too much wrist movement in their golf swing or putting stroke, causing inconsistent shots or putts.
Hanging lie     When the ball is resting on the upside of a slope.
Hard-pan     Hard, usually bare, ground conditions. Generally, hard-pan refers to hard, dry clay, with very little or no grass.
Harry Vardon Trophy - Awarded to the European GA Tour's leading money winner, who heads the Order of Merit at the end of each season.
Haskel     First incarnation of the modern golf balls with rubber straps wound around core encased in gutta percha - rendered Gutties obsolete
Hazard     Permanent features on the golf course designed to obstruct play. Any bunker or permanent water including any ground marked as part of that water hazard. Special rules apply when playing from a hazard.
Hcp     Handicap
Head     The end of the club that includes the club face.
Heel     Where the club head is attached to the shaft.
Hit a Brick     To strike the ball on the green such that it does not roll past the cup.
Hit a House     see Hit a Brick
Hogans     A game where you have to achieve par by hitting the green in regulation, par the hole, having never hit the fairway.
Hole - A term for the region between the tee and the green which is the specific target for the golf ball. A circular hole in the ground which is also called "the cup", 4.25 inches (108 mm) in diameter.
Hole High     Means that the ball has landed on the green level with the hole as you are looking at it.
Hole In One     The ball goes straight into the hole from your tee shot. A shot from the tee that finishes in the hole. Hitting the ball from the tee into the hole, using only one stroke.
Hole-in-one - Hook - A stroke that is caused by the application of counterclockwise spin and which bends the golf ball sharply to the left. 
Hole in one insurance     Many tournaments offer large prizes if a player shoots a hole in one on a particular hole. Indemnity insurance is often purchased to cover the cost should anyone make the hole in one. Hole in one insurance is also available for individuals to cover the cost of a round of drinks in the event of them achieving a hole in one.[1]
Hole Out     To putt the ball into the hole.
Holed     A ball which is putted into the hole.
Home     Getting the ball onto the green.
Home Pro     Resident professional at golf club.
Honour     The honour goes to last player to win a hole or take the least number of shots. The player with the honour tees off first.
Hooded Club     Turning the club face slightly inward in order to hook the ball or prevent a slice.
Hook     To induce topspin onto the ball causing in to move from outside to in on your swing. Opposite is slice. A shot that initially takes a trajectory opposite the side of the golf ball from which the player swings but eventually curves sharply back towards the player. Under normal circumstances, a hook is unintentional; however, good players can use a hook to their advantage in certain situations. Hooks are often called the "better player's miss", thanks to the fact that many of the game's greatest players (Ben Hogan, for instance) have been plagued by the hook at one time or another in their careers. A shot that follows the same trajectory but to a lesser degree is referred to as a 'draw'. A draw is often intentionally used by above-average players to achieve a certain type of spin. The curved shape ball-flight is the result of sideways spin. For that reason a "hook" does not refer to a putt.
Hosel     The Hollow part of the club-head where the shaft is attached. Hitting the ball off the hosel is known as a shank.
Hostel - On an iron golf club the head and the shaft are connected by a socket known as an hostel.
Hustler     One who maintains an artifically high handicap in order to win bets.
Hybrid     A type of club, increasingly popular in the 21st century, that in the broadest sense combines the mechanics of a long iron with the more forgiving nature of a fairway wood.


I
Impact     When the club strikes the ball.
In     The last nine holes of an 18 hole course.
In contention     A player with a chance of winning a tournament is said to be "in contention".
In play     When the ball is within the playing area of the course.
Inactive Season     That part of the golfing calendar where a player cannot use his scores to adjust his handicap.
Interlocking Grip     To hold the club such that the little finger of one hands is wrapped around the fore-finger of the other. The golf club handle is gripped with the little finger of the right hand intertwined with the forefinger of the left hand. This grip is popular with players that have small hands or short fingers as it helps to maintain a firm grip. Grip style where (for right-handed players) the pinkie finger of the right hand is hooked around the index finger of the left.
Investment Cast     To cast metal club heads from wax moulds.
Inward Half     The last nine holes of an 18 hole course.
Inward nine     The back nine holes of a golf course, so named because older links courses were designed to come back "in" toward the clubhouse after going "out" on the front nine.
Iron     A metal headed club that is not a wood. A club with a flat-faced solid metal head generally numbered from 1 to 9 indicating increasing loft.


J
Jab     A putting stroke that is short, quick, and, often, erratic.
Jack Nicolas Award - Awarded to the US GA Tour Player of the Year - decided by a ballot of the US GA Tour players.
Jigger - A moderately lofted, shallow-faced, short-shafted iron club, no longer in use, that was used especially for approaching. It was a club used for chip shots, not dissimilar to the modern day
John Jacobs Trophy - Awarded annually to the winner of the European Seniors Order of Merit.


K
Kitty Litter     Colloquialism for sand bunker.
Knockdown Shot     A shot played low into the wind. A type of shot designed to have a very low trajectory, usually employed to combat strong winds.

L
Lag     When a golfer attempts to putt the ball near to the hole not caring whether it goes in or not.
(i) A long putt designed to simply get the ball close to the hole.
(ii) During the downswing, how far the club-head "lags" behind the hands prior to release.
Lateral Water Hazard     A water hazard which runs parallel to the fairway.
Lay-up     A stroke played with a shorter range club than is possible in order to position the ball in a certain spot. This may be done to ensure a more comfortable next stroke or to avoid a hazard.
Layout     The design of the course.
Lie     The position of the ball at rest. Situation in which a ball finishes after completion of a stroke. The lie can vary from good to bad, depending on how far the ball has settled down in the grass or, in the case of a bunker, in the sand. 
(i) How the ball is resting on on the ground, which may add to the difficulty of the next stroke.
(ii) The angle between the center of the shaft and the sole of the club-head.
Line     The intended trajectory of the golf ball. The path the ball is expected to take following a stroke. This is of particular importance on the green, where stepping on another player's line is considered a breach of etiquette.
Line of Play     The intended travel of the ball after it has been struck.
Line of Putt     The intended travel of the ball after it has been struck on the green.
Links     Golf course within 4 miles of the coast. Usually low lying ground , containing sand dunes and stretching beside the sea and on which golf is played. A type of golf course, usually along a stretch of coastline.
Lip     The edge of the hole.
Lip-out - A ball that hits the edge of the hole but that does not fall into the hole.
Lob Shot     A shot where the flies to maximum height and minimal distance, normally used to hit the ball from close range when trying to avoid an obstacle.
Local Rules     Additional rules pertaining to a given course. An addition to the rules of golf applying to abnormal conditions that may be found on a particular golf course.[2]
Loft     The angle of the clubface in relation to the ground which dictates the trajectory of the ball as it rises in the air. 0 degrees loft is perpendicular to the ground. This is the angle of slope on the face of a golf club away from the vertical. As the number of the iron increases so to does the loft thus giving a higher flight trajectory and longer distance. The angle between the club's shaft and the club's face.
Loftier - Early club with a loft equivalent to a modern five or 6 iron and used to strike the ball on a high trajectory. Also called a lofting iron, it superseded the wooden daffy for approach shots to the green.
Long Game     That part of a golfer's game which involves hitting the ball over 180 yards.
Long iron - Club with minimum degree of loft designed to perform long and accurate shots from the fairway.
Loose Impediments     Natural objects on the course which are not fixed into place such as stones. A small natural item which is not fixed or growing, solidly embedded, or stuck to the ball, such as a small stone or leaf. Unless found within a hazard players are generally permitted to move them away, but if the ball is moved while doing so, there is a one-stroke penalty.
Lost Ball     Any ball which cannot be located once struck.
LPGA     Short for Ladies Professional Golfer's Association. 
(i) A U.S.-based organization that operates the world's most significant women's golf tour. From its inception, it has included female club and touring professionals in its membership—unlike men's golf in the U.S., in which club and touring professionals have been represented by different bodies since 1968.
(ii) Any of several other national organizations, modeled after the U.S. LPGA, supporting women's professional golf. These bodies may follow the U.S. model, or may be devoted solely to touring pros.


M
Made cut did not finish (MDF)     On the PGA Tour, the result given to those players who made the cut after the first two days, but were subject to a second cut after the third day, due to the size of the first cut. The cut line on the PGA Tour is generally top 70 plus ties.
Mainstream     A term sometimes used by golf media to contrast the primary golf tour, or set of major championships, in a country or region, with senior professional golf.
Majors     The most significant golf championships. In the men's game these are:- The Masters, the U.S. Open, the British Open, and the PGA Championship. - see major championships in almanac. The most prestigious golf tournaments. In the modern game the Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, The Open Championship and the PGA Championship are considered the men's major golf championships. The Kraft Nabisco Championship, LPGA Championship, U.S. Women's Open, Women's British Open and The Evian Championship are currently considered the women's major golf championships. Historically, from before the dominance of the professional game in the mid 20th century, the British and U.S. Amateur Championships are also often considered men's majors. Sometimes, people refer to The Players Championship as "The Fifth Major".
Make the cut     To qualify for subsequent rounds in a tournament.
Mallet     A putter shaped like a mallet.
Mark McCormack Trophy - Presented to the winner of the World Match Play Championship, played annually at the Wentworth Club, England.
Marker     The person responsible for recording the score of a player (normally another player). (i) A small metal or plastic disk used to mark the position of a ball on the green if it has been lifted for cleaning etc (ii) one who is appointed by the Committee to record a competitor’s score in stroke play. They may be a fellow-competitor. - see Tee Marker.
Marshall     One who controls the crowd during tournaments.
Mashie     Old fashioned hickory shafted iron varieties of which were similar to today's 5,6 and 7 irons.
Mashie iron - An iron club no longer in use, somewhat less lofted than a mashie, that was used for driving and for full shots through the green. The alternative name for the number four iron.
Mashie nib lick - An iron club, no longer in use, having a loft between those of a mashie and a nib lick, used for pitching. The modern day equivalent would be the number six or number seven iron. A 6/7 iron. The term was used primarily in the early 1900s.
Match     A medal round or game of golf between opponents.
Match Play     Form of competition where each hole is won, lost or halved. The winner is whoever won the most holes. A winning score of 3 and 2 means that the winner won by 3 holes with 2 left to play. The highest score possible is 10 and 8. A competition where the winner of the game is determined by the number of holes that are won or lost. A form of golf play where players or teams compete against each other on a hole-by-hole basis. The total number of strokes does not determine the winner. Instead, the number of holes won determines the winner. It is possible to win in match-play with more strokes than your opponent.
Medal     A score play competition where all shots are recorded and the winner is the one who took the least number.
Medal Day     A calendar day during which you are entitled to play a medal round in a competition.
Medal Play     A score play competition where all shots are recorded and the winner is the one who took the least number. Style of scoring in which the player with the fewest strokes wins. Most professional tournaments are medal play. Also known as "stroke play".
Medalist     One who has the lowest tournament qualifying score.
Medium Iron - Used on the approach shots to the green it is a modern iron club that combines a
medium length of flight with considerable accuracy. 
Member's bounce     Any favorable bounce of the golf ball that improves what initially appeared to be an errant shot.
Mid-amateur     Term used mainly in the U.S. to describe a competitive "career amateur" golfer who has no aspirations of a career on a professional tour. Also used to describe the national men's and women's competitions that the USGA operates for amateurs 25 and older.
Mid-iron     Another name for a 2 iron. An iron club no longer is use, somewhat more lofted than a driving iron. The alternative name would be the number two iron.Mid mashie - The alternative name would be the number three iron.
Middle Wedge     A medal iron with loft between that of a pitching wedge and a sand wedge.
Misread     A misread is to incorrectly discern the correct line of a putt.
Mixed foursome     Two teams of a male and female golfer playing alternate shots. Two teams of two, each including one male and one female player, playing against each other.
Motor-caddy     A battery-powered device, often with remote control, used to transport a walking golfer’s clubs.
Mud ball     A golf ball that has soil or other debris stuck to it which can affect its flight. Under normal rules of golf one is only allowed to clean a ball in play when it is on the putting green. During exceptional conditions this rule may be waived by a local rule (see Preferred lies).
Mulligan     When a player is allowed to reply any one shot pre hole. A do-over, or replay of the shot, without counting the shot as a stroke and without assessing any penalties that might apply. It is not allowed by the rules and not practiced in tournaments, but is common in casual rounds in some countries, especially the United States.
Municipal Course     Golf course owned by local government and open to the public.


N
Narrow Fairway     A Fairway (the cut grass area between tee and green) that is only a few yards across.
Nassau     A type of wager between golfers that is essentially three separate bets. Money is wagered on the best score in the front 9, back 9, and total 18 holes.
Net Score     A player's score after handicap deductions.
Niblick     Another name for a 9 iron. A short headed steeply lofted wooden club, no longer in use, used for playing out of ruts and tight lies. The alternative name for the number nine iron.
Nine Iron     A club of the highest loft, in the "iron" family. Used for short distance shots.
Nineteenth Hole     The clubhouse bar after playing 18 holes.
Non-Selective Perimeter Weighting


O
OB     Acronym for Out of Bounds.
Observer     One who ensures that a golf match or round is played in accordance with the Rules of Golf.
Obstructions     Anything which is man-made that obstructs play.
Off the pace - An American expression to indicate the position of a player behind the leader of a tournament by giving the number of stokes that player is behind the leader - e.g. "three strokes off the pace".
Offset     The gap between the club shaft and the club face when held at address, looking from above.
On the Dance Floor     When the ball has stayed on the green.
Open     A tournament open to both amateurs and professionals.
Open face     When (in relation to the target line) the club-face is angled away from the player's body, ie angled right for right-handed players.
Open Stance     At address the golfer stands with their front foot further from the ball line than their back foot. An open stance is used by a player when they want to fade or slice the ball. When a player's front foot is drawn backwards further from the target line. Used to fade the ball or to prevent a hook.
Ostrich     The single hole score of -5, or five under par. The only way this can occur is with a hole-in-one on a par 6, or two on a par 7. This score has never been achieved and it is unlikely that it ever will considering the dramatic length and rarity of holes over par 5. See Par (score).
Out     First nine holes on an eighteen hole golf course.
Out of Bounds     The area on or adjacent to the course where the ball may not be played from. Normally marked by white posts. The area designated as being outside the boundaries of the course. When a shot lands "O.B.", the player "loses stroke and distance", meaning that he/she must hit another shot from the original spot and is assessed a one-stroke penalty. Out-of-bounds areas are usually indicated by white posts.
Outside Agency     Any object or person that is not part of the current golf match, such as a spectator or observer.
Outside agent     Is any agent not part of the match or, in stroke play, not part of the competitor's side. Referees, markers, observers, and fore-caddies are outside agents. Wind and water are not outside agents.
Outward Half     The first 9 holes of an 18 hole course.
Outward nine     Refers to the first nine holes, so named as links golf courses were set up where the first nine holes went "out" away from the clubhouse.
Over Clubbing     To use a club which gives more distance than intended. The selection of a club that sends the ball farther than the intended distance. This error is known as over clubbing.
Over Par     A score higher than the indicated par for a hole or round.
Overlapping Grip     To hold the club such that the little finger of one hands is wrapped around the fore-finger of the other. See Vardon grip


 
P
Pace     The speed at which a putt must be struck to get to the hole. Pace and break are the two components of green-reading.
Pairings     Two player groups.
Par     The number of shots a low handicapper should take for a hole or round. The hole par is measured by the number of shots needed to reach the green plus two for the putting. The round par is calculated by adding all the hole par's together. This is the estimated standard score for a hole. Based on the length of the hole and the number of strokes needed by a first class player, in normal conditions, to complete the hole.
Standard score for a hole (defined by its length) or a course (sum of all the holes' pars).
Partner     Players on the same side in the same group or match.
Penalty Stroke     A stroke added to a player's score due to a rule infringement, taking relief from a hazard or an unplayable lie.
Perimeter Weighting     The weight of the club head is centred in the middle, thus increasing the sweet spot (an area of the club that when hit gives you the most distance).
Persimmon     Wood imported from the USA to make club heads for drivers.
PGA     Professional Golfers Association. Any Professional Golfers' Association, for example the Professional Golfers' Association of America.
PGA Tour     The organizer of the main male professional golf tours in the United States and North America.
Pin     The pole in the centre of the green with a flag attached. Slang for "flag-stick".
Pin High     Means that the ball has landed on the green level with the hole as you are looking at it. Refers to a ball on the green that is positioned along an imaginary horizontal line through the hole and across the width of the green.
Pitch     To the ball is hit high into the air onto the green using a lofted club. A lofted shot to a green that produces little run at the end of its flight. A short shot (typically from within 50 yards), usually played with a higher lofted club and made using a less than full swing, that is intended to flight the ball toward a target (usually the hole) with greater accuracy than a full iron shot.
Pitch and Run     To pitch the ball onto the green using a club which enables the ball to roll on impact.
Pitch Mark     The indentation left by a ball on the green after it has landed. A divot on the green caused when a ball lands. Players must repair their pitch marks, usually with a tee or a divot tool.
Pitching Wedge     An iron with a club face angel of 48 to 50 degrees. Used to hit a high shot.
Pivot     The rotation of the body during a swing.
Playclub     Old fashioned club used for driving similar to today's woods. Old term for driving club common up to the latter part of the nineteenth century, roughly equivalent to driver or 2-wood.
Playing Handicap     The handicap used in a competition.
Playing Through     To allow golfers in the game behind play passed you while you stand to one side. Permission granted by a slow-moving group of players to a faster-moving group of players to pass them on the course.[3]
Plugged Ball     A ball that when it lands remains in it's own pitch mark.
Plugged lie     A bad lie where the ball is at least half-buried. Also known as a "buried lie" or in a bunker a "fried egg".
Plumb Bob     Holding the putter in a vertical position and using it as a sight to determine the Line of Putt.
Plunk     A lie where the ball is on the lip of a lake or other water hazard.
Plus Handicap     The number of shots added to a golfers score at the end of their round. A golf handicap less than zero. A 'plus' handicap golfer must add his handicap to his score.
Pop up     A high shot over a very short distance. A poor tee shot where the top of the club-head strikes under the ball, causing it to go straight up in the air. In addition to being bad shots, pop-ups frequently leave white scuff-marks on the top of the club-head, or dents in persimmon clubs. Also known as "sky shots".
Pot bunker     A small yet deep sand bunker. Commonly found on traditional British links courses they are small, round,deep bunkers.
Pre-shot routine     The steps an experienced player goes through to get ready for his or her shot. It usually involves taking practice swings and visualizing the intended shot.
Preferred Lie     Play in which a golfer may move his ball to the nearest point of relief not nearer the hole. When playing under winter rules, a player may replace their ball on the fairway within 6 inches of where it came to rest, not nearer the hole. A Local rule that allows the ball in play to be lifted, cleaned and moved on the fairway during adverse course conditions.[4]
Press     Increasing an already agreed bet on the result of a match once it has started.
Presidents Cup - Presented to the winner of the two-yearly match between two teams of men's professionals
representing the USA and the Internationals. The Internationals comprise the best non-US and non-European professionals. Each team comprises 12 players.
Pro     A professional is a golfer or person who plays or teaches golf for financial reward. They may work as a touring pro in professional competitions or as a teaching pro (Also called a club pro).
Pro Shop     Shop at golf club where golfing equipment may be purchased. A shop at a golf club, run by the club professional, where golf equipment can be purchased.
Pro-Am     A tournament where a professional is partnered by an amateur. This is when a professional and an amateur player form a team to play golf together.
Professional     One who receives monetary remuneration for playing golf.
Provisional Ball     The playing of a second ball from the same place as the first because the player is unsure of what may have happened to the first ball (i.e. it may be lost).
Pull     When the ball flies in an inward direction after being stuck. Not the same as draw/hook as these are shots affected by spin. A pull is a shot that unintentionally travels on a trajectory on the same side of the ball from which the player swings.
Pull Cart     A two wheeled device used to aid the carrying of a golf bag around the course.
Punch Shot     Where the ball is struck on the down-stroke of a partial swing resulting in a short low shot; typically used to hit the ball out of rough or to keep the ball below the wind. A shot played with a very low trajectory, usually to avoid interference from tree branches when a player is hitting from the woods. Similar to the knock-down, it can also be used to avoid high winds.
Push     When the ball flies in an outward direction after being stuck. Not the same as fade/slice as these are shots affected by spin. A push, or block, is shot that unintentionally travels on a trajectory opposite the side of the ball from which the player swings. In match play, a push occurs when neither competitor wins the hole.
Putt     Act of hitting golf ball on the green. A shot played on the green, usually with a putter.
Putter     Club mainly used on green for striking the ball. A special golf club with a very low loft that makes the ball roll along the green with top-spin.
Putting Green     The area of short grass surrounding the hole way the ball is hit using a putter. A practice green is a putting surface usually found close to the club house, used to warm up and practice putting.

Q
Qualifying School     Q-School ~ The process of qualifying for PGA membership. the qualifying tournament on several major professional tours, such as the PGA Tour, European Tour, or LPGA Tour. Q-School is a multistage tournament (four for the PGA Tour, three for the European Tour, two for the LPGA) that culminates in a week-long tournament in which a specified number of top finishers (25 plus ties in the PGA Tour, 30 plus ties in the European Tour, and exactly 20 in the LPGA) earn their "Tour Cards", qualifying them for the following year's tour. The final tournament is six rounds (108 holes) for men and five rounds (90 holes) for women. The 2012 Q-school for the 2013 PGA Tour season wast the last one, as the rules of qualification for a "tour card" have been changed to eliminate Q-school.[5]
Quarter Shot     A shot hit with a significantly reduced swing.
Quitting on the ball     Slowing your swing down before hitting the ball.

R
R & A     The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews who oversee golf in Europe, Asia and the Commonwealth. Since 2004 the governing body of golf throughout the world except the United States and Mexico, where this responsibility rests with the United States Golf Association (USGA). It works in collaboration with national amateur and professional golf organizations in over 110 countries. The R&A is a separate organisation from the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews which formerly performed this role.
Range     An area set aside for practice.
Range Finder     A measuring device used to determine one's relative distance to an object. In golf, they are most commonly used to find out how far a player is from the hole.
Ranger     A course official who ensures prompt play on a golf course.
Rating Marker     A sign next to the tee which indicates the point from which the holes yardage is measured.
Reading the Green     The act of determining the preferred path the ball must take in order to go in the hole.
Recovery Shot     To bring the ball back into a favourable playing position from an unfavourable one such as a hazard.
Redan     A hole that has a green which slopes downward and away from the point of entrance, typically the front right portion of the green, inspired by the original Redan hole on the North Berwick West Links, Scotland.
Referee     An official who interprets the Rules of Golf during a match or competition.
Regular shaft     A golf club shaft with an average amount of torque.
Release     To hit the ball such that it rolls on impact with the green. Also refers to movement of golfer's hands during a swing. The point in the downswing at which the wrists uncock. A late release (creating "lag") is one of the keys to a powerful swing.
Relief     To lift and drop the ball without penalty in accordance with the rules.
Reverse Bounce Back     Scoring a bogey or worse on a hole immediately following a birdie or better. Also see Bounce Back.
Reverse Overlap     Gripping the club with the little finger of one hand placed over the index finger of the other.
Rimmed     A shot which circles the lip of the hole without dropping in.
Rookie - A newcomer to the professional golf Tour.
Rough     The high grass area adjacent to the fairway and green. An area that runs alongside the fairway. It is an unknown stretch of grass that punishes an off-line shot. The grass that borders the fairway, usually taller and coarser than the fairway.
Round     18 holes of golf.
Round robin     A tournament in which everyone gets to play everyone else.
Rowan Matchplay     A form of singles Matchplay which can be played by 3 or more players. Players begin all playing against one another until one player wins a hole outright posting the best score than all other playing partners on a hole. That player is then 1 up versus all of their combined playing partners who now form a team against the player leading and try to get the match back to all-square. In a 3 player game, after someone goes 1-up, the match then takes the form of the leading player versus the scores of the other two players.
Royal and Ancient     Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews - golf's primary governing body.

Rub of the Green     An unexpected bounce of the ball after it hits the ground. Sometimes helpful, normally not. Occurs when the ball is deflected or stopped by a third party/object, e.g. if a ball is going out of bounds and is deflected in bounds by hitting a spectator or a tree. 
Rubber-core ball - The golf ball that revolutionised the game at the turn of the twentieth century.
Also known as the Haskell ball.
Rule     Official R&A rule or local rule.
Rules of Golf     As published by the R&A.
Run     The distance that the ball continues to travel after it's initial impact with the ground. The distance a ball travels once it lands. The two distances of a golf shot are first its "carry" and then its "run."
Running iron     An iron used to make short shots which roll.
Run-up     To hit the ball along or close to the ground toward and onto the green.
Rutter     A small headed niblick for hitting the ball from a cart track.
Ryder Cup - Presented to the winner of the two-yearly match between two teams of mens professionals representing the USA and Europe. Each team comprises 12 players.

 
S
Sandbagger     A golfer that carries a higher official handicap than his skills indicate, e.g., carries an eight, plays to a two. Sandbaggers usually artificially inflate their handicaps with the intent of winning bets on the course, a practice that most golfers consider cheating. Also known as a bandit.
Sand save     When a player achieves par by getting up and down from a green-side bunker. Sand save percentage is one of many statistics kept by the PGA Tour.
Sand Trap     A sand bunker. See bunker. Golfers with a deep knowledge of the game rarely refer to a bunker as a sand trap.
Sand Wedge     An iron club designed to lift balls out of sand hazards. Also known as a sand iron it is designed for playing from bunkers. It is an extremely lofted club with a wide flange that bounces the club head through the sand. A lofted club designed especially for playing out of a bunker. The modern sand wedge was invented by Gene Sarazen. Although sand wedges were designed for bunker shots, they are actually used for all types of shots within 100 yards.
Sandy     (or Sandie) ~ When a golfer still makes their par after escaping from a sand hazard. A score of par or better that includes a bunker shot. Sandys are counted as points in some social golf games. If a par or better is achieved after hitting two or three bunker shots on the same hole, the terms double sandy or triple sandy are used, respectively. See Funnies.
Sclaff     When the club strikes the ground well behind the ball.
Scoop     To scoop the ball into the air rather than loft it.
Scorecard     The card on which a golfer records his score during play.
Scotch foursome     Where players play in teams of two taking alternate shots. Each hole is started alternatively as well. In scotch foursomes teams of 2 players compete against each other. Players alternate hitting the same ball. The first player tees off, the second player hits the second shot, the first player hits the third shot, and so on until the ball is holed. To this point, the definition of ‘scotch foursomes’ is the same as that of ordinary ‘foursomes’; however, players do not alternate hitting tee shots as they would in foursomes. If Player A teed off on the first hole and Player B holed the final putt, Player B would not tee off at the second, meaning that Player A could, in theory, play every tee shot on the round. The team with the lowest score wins the hole.
Scramble     Team competition where players play from the position of the best ball of a team member after every stroke or drive. When a player misses the green in regulation, but still makes par or better on a hole. Scrambling percentage is one of many statistics kept by the PGA Tour. Also a two or four man format, similar to Best Ball, except in a scramble, each player strikes a shot, the best shot is selected, then all players play from that selected position.
Scratch     A player without handicap meaning that he can complete the course on par.
Scratch golfer     A player's whose handicap equals zero.
Scratch Player     A golfer who does not require a handicap, such as a professional.
Second Ball     Situation in which a player is obliged to play with two balls because of a question over the legality of the first ball which cannot be settled by a referee or other members of the group. The player's score is that for whichever ball is deemed legal at a post match adjudication.
Selective Perimeter Weighting     Equal weight over the toe and heel of the club head.
Semi-Private Course     A club with members but also allows non-members to pay and play.
Senior    Describes a competition for older golfers, or individuals who play in such competitions. In men's professional golf, the standard lower age limit is 50. Some competitions use 45 (the Legends Tour in women's golf) or 55 (the U.S. Senior Amateur) as the lower limit.
Set     The number of golf clubs carried (maximum is 14).
Shaft     That part of the club between the head and the grip.
Shag Bag     A bag used to store balls whilst practising.
Shagging     To collect balls from a practice area.
Shamble    A format, similar to a scramble, where every player hits from the tee, the best tee-shot is selected, and each player holes-out from the selected tee-shot. A condition in which a golfer suddenly cannot stop shanking the ball; novice and experienced golfers can be affected.
Shank     To strike the ball with the part of the club head where the heel is joined to the shaft. A miss hit in which the golf ball is struck by the hostel of the club. A horrible shot in which the golf ball is struck by the hosel of the club. On a shank, a player has managed to strike the ball with a part of the club other than the club-face. A shanked shot will scoot a short distance, often out to the right, or might be severely sliced or hooked.
Shoot your (my) age     A round of 18 holes where a given player has a score equal to, or less than, a player's age. For example, an eighty-year-old man who scores an 80 has shot his age.

Shoot your (my) temperature    A round of 18 holes where a given player has a score equal to 98 or 99. Since this is not a good score, it is usually used to deride an opponent.
Short Game     Chipping, Pitching and Putting. This is the term given when play is within 100 yards of the green. It includes chipping, bunker shots and putting. Shots that take place on or near the green. Putting, chipping, pitching, and green-side bunker play are all aspects of the short game.
Shot     An attempt to hit the ball.
Short iron - This is a lofted iron club that is used for short approaches to the green or for lofting over hazards and obstacles.
Shotgun Start     Tournament in which the field start from different holes at the same time rather than queuing up at the first tee. A way to start a tournament in which all groups of players tee off simultaneously from different holes.
Shrimp    A severe hook, named because it resembles the shape of a shrimp.
Sidehill lie     When the ball comes to rest on a slope.
Single     An unaccompanied golfer.
Sink a putt     To hit the ball into the hole.
Sir Henry Cotton Award - Awarded to the European PGA Tour Rookie of the Year.
Sit     Expression aimed at the ball to encourage it to stop rolling. Telling the ball to drop softly, and not roll after landing.
Sit Down     A term which the golfer says to the ball to encourage it to land or stop rolling.
Skin - Skins are what the skins game is played for. A skins game pits players in a type of match play in which each hole has a set value (usually in money or points). The player who wins the hole is said to win the "skin," and whatever that skin is worth.A skins game pits players in a type of match play in which each hole has a set value (usually in money or points). The player who wins the hole is said to win the "skin", and whatever that skin is worth. Skins games may be more dramatic than standard match play if it is agreed by the players that holes are not halved. Then, when any two players tie on a given hole, the value of that hole is carried over and added to the value of the following hole. The more ties, the greater the value of the skin and the bigger the eventual payoff.
Skull     Hitting the ball above it's centre, thus making it fly very low to the ground. To skull the ball means to contact the ball with the leading edge of the iron, often resulting in a low shot that goes further than expected with little to no spin. A skulled shot is almost always due to a mishit by the golfer. The terms "blade" and "thin" are also used interchangeably with skull.
Sky     When the club head only just strikes the very bottom of the ball causing it to fly straight up into the area. Normally happens when the ball is on a tee or in the rough.
Slice     To induce too much backspin onto the ball causing it to travel through the air following inside to out swing. Opposite is Hook. A shot with a considerable clockwise spin that curves violently to the right. A shot that initially takes a trajectory on the same side of the golf ball from which the player swings but eventually curves sharply back opposite of the player. Under normal circumstances, a slice is unintentional; however, good players can use a slice to their advantage in certain situations. Slices are often the most common miss for below-average players. A shot that follows the same trajectory but to a lesser degree is referred to as a 'cut' or 'fade'. A cut or fade is often intentionally used by above-average players to achieve a certain type of spin. The curved shape of the ball-flight is the result of sideways spin. For that reason a "slice" does not refer to a putt.
Slope rating    Slope Rating is a number, from 55 to 155, used to determine the level of difficulty of a golf course for a bogey golfer. An "average" course has a slope rating of 113.
Smile     Colloquialism for a lacerated golf ball; a cut in the ball is normally caused by a thinned shot.
Snake     A long putt which travels over the undulations of the green.
Snap Hook     To severely hook the ball. A severe hook that usually goes directly left as well as curving from right to left, for a right-handed golfer. A snap hook is when a sever left to right hook occurs for a left-handed golfer.
Snowman     To score an eight on a hole is to score a snowman. So-named because an eight (8) looks similar to the body of a snowman.
Snipe     To hook the ball such that it drops quickly.
Society    An organized group of golfers, usually not affiliated with any individual golf course. Members are often drawn from the same workplace, profession, alma mater, or other association.
Sole     The underside of the club head.
Sole plate     The metal underside of a wood's club head.
Solheim Cup - Presented to the winner of the two-yearly match between two teams of women's professional golfers representing the USA and Europe. Each team comprises 12 players.
Spade mashie - A deep-faced iron club, no longer in use, some what more lofted than a mashie.
The modern equivalent would be the number six iron. 
Span    Move your marker when in the way of another persons line of putt.
Speed    The pace of a putt. Proper 'speed' of a putt will either hole the putt or leave it about 18 inches beyond the cup. Furthermore, the speed of the putt will often determine the amount of curve, or break, in a putt.
Speed of Play     The time it takes to play an 18 hole ground.
Spike Mark     A tuft of grass caused by spiked shoes.
Spike Wrench     Instrument used to remove spikes from golf shoes.
Spoon     Another name for a 3 wood. The traditional name for a lofted fairway wood the equivalent of the modern 3-wood.
Sprachle     Generally, this refers to playing badly. Sprachle is a Scottish term.
Spray     To hit the ball with a grossly inconsistent direction, compared to the intended target, in a seemingly random manner.
Square stance     When your left and right feet are level and at right angles to the ball when you take your stance.
Stableford     Point scoring competition. One point for a bogey, two points for a par, three for a birdie, four for an eagle and five for an albatross. A points based scoring system. The number of strokes taken on each hole relative to par translates into a set number of points, with the winner being the player who accumulates the highest number of points.
Stance     To place your feet in preparation for a swing .
Standard Scratch Score     The score a scratch golfer should get when playing a course in normal conditions.
Starter     An official who determines where and when golfers tee off.
Stick     The pole in the centre of the green with a flag attached.
StimpMeter     An instrument used to measure the speed of a green by applying a known force to the ball and measuring the distance travelled. A device used to measure the speed of putting greens.
Stipulated Round     To play the number of holes of the course determined by the committee during competition.
Stony     When a ball comes to rest near the flagstick.
Straight Flight     A ball travelling in a straight line during flight.
Stroke     An attempt to hit the ball. The stroke starts on a players downswing.
Stroke Counters     Gadget to keep track of strokes.
Stroke Hole     A hole where in match play an opponent receives a shot. It is determined by the stroke index of the hole.
Stroke Index     An assessment of a holes difficulty used to award shots during strokeplay / matchplay conditions.
Stroke Play     Where the winner of a match or competition is the player who used the least number of strokes (after handicap deduction) to complete the course. This is when the outcome of a game is decided on by the number of strokes a player takes to complete a round of golf against his competitors. The player with the least number of strokes being the winner. See Medal Play
Stymie     When an object such as a tree lies between a player's ball and the green. Situation in which one players' ball blocked another player's ball route to the hole. The stymied player was required o play over the top of the offending ball. The stymie was outlawed in 1951 by the USGA and the R & A. To block another player's putting path to the hole with one's own ball. Now an anachronism since the rules of golf permit marking the spot of the ball on the green, thus allowing the other player to putt into the hole without obstruction. Also, if a ball marker impedes the line of another player's putt, the marker is allowed to be moved in length-increments of one putter-head in either direction.
Sudden Death     Where additional holes are played after a tie. The winner is the first player to win a hole outright.
Summer Rules     The normal local rules of the course apply (i.e. allowances made for the winter weather are removed).
Surlyn     Tear resistant plastic outer of modern golf balls (by DuPont Corp).
Swale     A depression in the terrain.
Sweet Spot     The preferred spot on the club face with which to strike the ball. A precise spot on the face of a golf club that will deliver the maximum mass behind the ball. The location on the club-face where the optimal ball-striking results are achieved. The closer the ball is struck to the sweet-spot, the higher the Power transfer ratio will be. Hitting it in the sweet-spot is also referred to as hitting it in the screws.
Swing     The action of hitting the ball. The movement a golf player makes with his/her body and club to hit the ball. A golf swing is made up of a series of complex mechanical body movements. A perfect golf swing is regarded as the "holy grail" of the sport, and there are many approaches as to how to achieve "perfection". Although there is only one "textbook" golf swing, a perfect golf swing is unique to every individual, and, in fact, it is impossible for a human to perfectly duplicate the textbook golf swing.
Swing weight     A measure of a club's weight.

 
T
Takeaway     When the clubhead is moved back from the ball at the start of a swing.
Tap-in     Often called a "gimme", a tap-in is a ball that has come to rest very close to the hole, leaving only a very short putt to be played. Often, recreational golfers will "concede" tap-ins to each other to save time.
Target-line    The target line is the straight line from the ball to its intended target. It is also extended backward.
Tee     A small peg stuck into the ground on which a golf ball is placed. Also area where golfers play first stroke of any given hole. A term used to refer to the tee peg and to the closely mown area from which the first stroke on a hole is played. A small peg, usually made of wood or plastic, placed in the ground upon which the golf ball may be placed prior to the first stroke on a hole. May also refer to the teeing ground.
Tee-box - Where every hole starts, from which you hit your drive or tee shot.
Tee Marker     Boundary on the tee behind which a drive must be made. The ball must be placed onto the tee within two club lengths of the tee marker.
Tee Time     Scheduled start time.
Teeing ground     Area from which players start each hole. The area from which you hit your drive or tee shot. The teeing ground for a particular set of tees is two club lengths in depth. The ball must be teed between the markers, called tees, that define the teeing ground's width, and no further back than its depth. Tees are colored, but there is no standard for colors. The "teeing ground" refers to one set of tees. Most courses have at least three sets of tees, some have more than twice that many. The areas where tee markers are placed are called "tee boxes".
Tempo     The speed of a golfer's swing. The smooth change of the speed of a player's swing from first movement, through the ball strike, to the follow-through.
Temporary green     A green used when the normal green is under repair or when the club wish to preserve the permanent green.
Ten finger grip    Grip style with all ten fingers on the club. Also known as the Baseball grip.
Tending the Flag     To hold the flagstick such that a player may aim for it and then remove it as the balls approaches.
Texas wedge     Name given to putter when used anywhere other than the green.
Thin Shot     To strike the ball above it's centre causing it to skip and bounce along the ground rather than rise through the air. A shot in which the club head strikes the ball too high and results in a low, often slicing shot. Usually, an unintentional, poor shot where the club-head strikes too high on the ball. When taken to an extreme but still at or below the center-line of the ball it is known "blading" the ball. Sometimes, when the ball is lying a certain way around the green, advanced players will intentionally hit a thin shot to achieve certain results.[6]
Thread     To coax the ball through a tight gap.
Three ball     A group of three golfers playing their own ball.
Three Jack     To three putt a green.
Threesome     A group of three golfers.
Through line     When putting, the imaginary path that a ball would travel on if the putted ball goes past the hole. Usually observed by PGA players and knowledgeable golfers when retrieving or marking a ball around the hole.
Through the Green     Any part of the course which is not 'out of bounds' except the tees, greens and hazards. The entire area of the golf course, except for the teeing ground of the hole being played, the green of the hole being played and all hazards on the course.[7]
Tiger tee     The tees used in a pro competition.
Tight fairway     A Fairway (the cut grass area between tee and green) that is only a few yards across.
Tip     Instruction on how a ball should be played. Only partners and caddies may be consulted without penalty.
Tips     The championship tees on a golf course are known as "the tips".
Toe     That part of the club head at the opposite end to the heel.
Top     To strike the ball above it's centre causing it to skip and bounce along the ground rather than rise through the air.
Topped     An errant shot where the club-head strikes on top of the ball, causing the ball to roll or bounce rather than fly.
Torque     How far a shaft twists during a swing.
Tour     A series of tournaments over a season.
Tournament     An organised competition for both amateurs and professionals.
Tournament Score     Your gross score for each round added together.
Track iron     Old fashioned club with metal head used to lift balls from tracks and carriageways.
Trap     Sand or grass hazard.
Tree shot    A bad shot that has hit the trees' leaves, branches, and/or trunk and has resulted in a negative situation, i.e., going out of bounds, into a hazard, or leaving the ball much shorter than anticipated.
Triple Bogey    A hole played three strokes over par.
Trolley     A two wheeled device used to aid the carrying of a golf bag around the course.
Trouble shot     Having to play a ball that is in deep rough, behind on object (such as a bush or tree) or from a bad lie.
Turkey     Three consecutive birdies during one round of golf.
Turn     The midway point on a golf course, the end of the 9th hole.
Two Piece Ball     A ball made from a core of rubber, metal or other wrapped in strands of rubber encased in a surlyn or balata shell.
Twosome     A group of two golfers.


U
UBS Cup - Presented to the winner of the annual match between two teams of men's professionals representing
the USA and the Rest of the World (the teams must each include six players aged 40 - 49 and six players aged over 50).
USGA - Short for United States Golf Association. The governing body of golf for the U.S. and Mexico. Together with The R&A, the USGA produces and interprets the Rules of Golf.
US LPGA - United States Ladies Professional Golfers' Association.
USPGA - Short for United States Professional Golfers' Association. The principal organization for golf professionals in the USA.

Unplayable    A player can declare his ball unplayable at any time when it is in play (other than at a tee), and can drop the ball either within two club-lengths, or further from the hole in line with the hole and its current position, or where they played his last shot. A penalty of one stroke is applied. A ball declared unplayable within a hazard must be dropped within that hazard.
Up and down    The situation where a player holes the ball in two strokes starting from off the green. The first stroke, usually a "pitch", a "bunker shot" or a "chip", gets the ball 'up' onto the green, and the subsequent putt gets the ball 'down' into the hole. A variation is called "up and in".



 
V
Vardon Grip - Popularized by but not invented by Harry Vardon it is a method of gripping the handle of the club. The little finger of the right hand overlaps the forefinger of the left. A common grip style in which (for right-handed players) the right pinkie finger rests on top of the left index finger. Also known as the "overlapping grip", it is named for Harry Vardon, a champion golfer of the early 20th century.
Vaulting dormie    A possible occurrence in match play when a player converts a lead into a victory without passing through dormie, a guaranteed minimum of a tie at the end of regulation play. For example, converting an 8-hole lead with nine to play into a 9-hole lead with eight to play, or converting a 1-hole lead with two to play into a 2-hole lead with one to play.


W
Waggle     The movement of the club head as the golfer prepares to swing. A pre-shot routine where a player adjusts his body, the club, and/or practice swings at the ball.
Walker Cup - Presented to the winner of the two-yearly match between two teams of
men's amateur golfers representing the USA and Europe
Wanamaker Trophy - Presented to the champion golfer of the USPGA Championship (one of the four mens' Majors).
Water Hazard     Ponds, lakes, rivers or ditches on the course, always marked by yellow or blue posts.
Water hole     A hole where the approach necessitates hitting the ball over a water hazard.
We Are Golf     A coalition formed by the Club Managers Association of America, the Golf Course Superintendents Association of America, the National Golf Course Owners Association, and The PGA of America to highlight the economic and social impacts of the game of golf.
Wedge     A metal club designed to give loft rather than distance. Used for high shots into the green. A type of golf club; a subset of iron designed for short range strokes. Of all the categories of clubs, wedges have faces with the highest degrees of loft.
Week grass - Fine species of grass indigenous to South Africa, less than ideal on golf courses as it is extremely difficult to play on.
West Coast Swing - The start of the US PGA Tour season which sees the first eight or so tour events played in Hawaii, California and Arizona. A prize is awarded for the best performance in the "swing".
Whiff     Missing the ball during a swing. An attempt to strike the ball where the player fails to make contact with the ball. A whiff must be counted as a stroke.
Whins     Heavy Rough.
Whipping     The straps used to re-inforce the join between the club head and shaft. Waxed thread used to bind the area where the shaft meets the club head. Now redundant because of modern techniques.
Whippy     A shaft with greater than normal flex.
Winter Green     A temporary green used in winter to protect the permanent green.
Winter Rules     Local rules which apply during the winter season only. See Preferred lies.
Wire-to-wire     Leading a tournament after every round (may or may not include ties)
Wood     Clubs used for long range shots. Traditionally made with wooden head they are now mostly made with metal alloy heads. A type of club where the head is generally bulbous in shape except for the club-face. Named because the head was originally made of wood, although almost all are now metal. Of all the categories of clubs, woods have faces with the lowest degrees of loft.
Woodie     When the ball hits any part of a tree and the golfer still completes the hole with a par.
Worm Burner     A shot which rolls along the ground. A shot that is hit remarkably low and sometimes hard
Wrong Ball     Any ball which a golfer plays that is not the ball they began the hole with or which was brought into play after losing their original.

 
Y
Yardage Chart     A printed card detailing the layout and yardage of each hole on the course.
Yardage Rating     The stroke index of the hole, Index 18 being the easiest on the course, 1 the most difficult.
Yips     To miss simple putts because of nerves. This is a nervous disorder that turns a putting stroke into a twitch or a jerk and can thus destroy a players ability to putt. A tendency to twitch during the putting stroke. Some top golfers have had their careers greatly affected or even destroyed by the yips; prominent golfers who battled with the yips for much of their careers include Sam Snead, Ben Hogan, and, more recently, Bernhard Langer.



Y
Yips
A tendency to twitch during the putting stroke. Some top golfers have had their careers greatly affected or even destroyed by the yips; prominent golfers who battled with the yips for much of their careers include Sam Snead, Ben Hogan, and, more recently, Bernhard Langer.



Z
Zinger     A ball hit high and hard.

Source:

http://www.golfeurope.com/almanac/golf_terms/

http://www.britishgolfonline.com/nostalgiaglossary.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_golf

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